संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद (UNSC) सुधार: भारत की स्थायी सदस्यता का प्रबल दावा
अप्रैल 2026 में न्यूयॉर्क में आयोजित संयुक्त राष्ट्र के विशेष सत्र में भारत की स्थायी सदस्यता के लिए वैश्विक समर्थन में वृद्धि देखी गई।
2-Minute Summary (TL;DR)
- India's bid for permanent UNSC membership gained significant global support in April 2026 during a UN special session in New York.
- The G4 nations (India, Japan, Germany, Brazil) presented a new proposal for UNSC expansion.
- The US, France, and UK reaffirmed their support for India's permanent seat.
- The African Union backed India, emphasizing the need for Global South representation.
- India argues the UNSC's 1945 structure is outdated and doesn't reflect current global realities.
- Key challenges to UNSC reform include the issue of veto power and China's stance.
- India's claim is based on its status as the world's largest democracy, economic strength, and peacekeeping contributions.
- The UNSC currently has 5 permanent members (P5) and 10 non-permanent members.
How This Topic is Tested in Competitive Exams
| Exam | Frequency | Approx. Marks | What Gets Asked |
|---|---|---|---|
| UPSC / State PCS | Very High | 10–20 | International relations is a core GS-II topic for UPSC. Bilateral agreements, multilateral bodies, and geopolitics are essential. |
| State PCS / PSC | Medium | 3–5 | State PCS papers test India's role in international forums and bilateral trade ties. |
| SSC (CGL / CHSL / MTS) | Medium | 2–4 | International summits, treaties, and India's bilateral relations appear in SSC GK. |
Key Facts to Remember: संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद (UNSC) सुधार: भारत की स्थायी सदस्यता का प्रबल दावा
- India's bid for permanent UNSC membership gained significant global support in April 2026 during a UN special session in New York.
- The G4 nations (India, Japan, Germany, Brazil) presented a new proposal for UNSC expansion.
- The US, France, and UK reaffirmed their support for India's permanent seat.
- The African Union backed India, emphasizing the need for Global South representation.
- India argues the UNSC's 1945 structure is outdated and doesn't reflect current global realities.
- Key challenges to UNSC reform include the issue of veto power and China's stance.
- India's claim is based on its status as the world's largest democracy, economic strength, and peacekeeping contributions.
- The UNSC currently has 5 permanent members (P5) and 10 non-permanent members.
Practice Questions
Q1. Which group of countries, including India, advocates for mutual support of their bids for permanent seats in an expanded UN Security Council?
- BRICS
- G20
- G4 Nations
- SAARC
Explanation: The G4 nations consist of India, Japan, Germany, and Brazil. They support each other's candidacies for permanent membership in a reformed United Nations Security Council.
Q2. In April 2026, during a UN special session in New York, which major powers reaffirmed their support for India's permanent membership in the UNSC?
- Russia, China, and the United States
- France, the United Kingdom, and the United States
- Germany, Japan, and Brazil
- Canada, Australia, and New Zealand
Explanation: The United States, France, and the United Kingdom are key permanent members of the UNSC that have consistently expressed support for India's aspiration for a permanent seat.
Q3. What is a primary argument India uses to justify its claim for a permanent seat in the UNSC?
- It is the smallest country by population.
- Its UNSC structure reflects the geopolitical realities of the 21st century.
- It is the world's largest democracy and a significant economic power.
- It has never contributed to UN peacekeeping operations.
Explanation: India emphasizes its status as the world's largest democracy, its substantial economic growth, and its significant contributions to UN peacekeeping operations as key justifications for its permanent membership.
Q4. Which of the following is NOT a current permanent member of the United Nations Security Council?
- China
- India
- Russia
- United States
Explanation: The current permanent members of the UNSC are China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. India is seeking permanent membership.
Q5. What significant challenge is often cited in the process of reforming the UN Security Council, particularly regarding the expansion of permanent membership?
- Lack of support from non-permanent members
- Disagreement over the number of non-permanent seats
- The issue of veto power for new permanent members
- Insufficient representation from North America
Explanation: A major hurdle in UNSC reform is the question of whether new permanent members should be granted veto power, a power currently held only by the existing five permanent members.
How to Prepare International Affairs for Government Exams — संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद (UNSC) सुधार: भारत…
Focus on India-centric news — India's bilateral visits, MoUs signed, and positions in international bodies. This is what domestic exams test.
For UPSC, understand geopolitical context: Why does India take a particular position? What is India's strategic interest?
Keep a running note of all G20, SCO, BRICS, and QUAD-related outcomes. These bodies generate 3–5 questions per major exam cycle.
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